Unintentional weight loss

ADULT
  • If any of the following are present or suspected, please refer the patient to the emergency department (via ambulance if necessary) or follow local emergency care protocols or seek emergent medical advice if in a remote region.

    • Uncontrolled hyperthyroidism with risk of thyroid storm
    • Vomiting, dysphagia or odynophagia suggesting oesophageal or gastric outlet obstruction
    • Associated severe electrolyte abnormalities (K+ <3.0 mmol/L, corrected Ca+ <1.6 or >3.0 mmol/L, Mg+ <0.4 mmol/L, PO4- <0.4mmol/L)
    • Refer to local HealthPathways or local guidelines
    • Unintentional weight loss <5% can be managed in primary care.
    • If patient has anaemia, please refer to the Anaemia condition within the Gastroenterology CPC.
    • Restrictive Eating Disorders (QuEDS) are emerging as a significant concern in General Medicine. We advocate for the establishment of a dedicated Eating Disorder Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) that includes General Physicians, Psychiatrists, Dietitians, Nutritionists, Social Workers, ward Nurse Unit Managers, or Team Leaders, and senior mental health nurses. Furthermore, we recommend that smaller hospitals collaborate with larger teaching hospitals to leverage the benefits of this MDT approach effectively.

    Clinician resources

Minimum Referral Criteria
Category 1
(appointment within 30 calendar days)
  • Significant weight loss (≥10% of body weight in previous 6 months) without anaemia*
  • Clinical features or test results suggestive of disseminated malignancy
  • Marked cachexia or malnutrition
  • Suspected malabsorption syndromes
  • Post-prandial angina
  • Uncontrolled anxiety or depression or pain syndromes causing marked loss of appetite and associated weight loss
  • BMI <15 Kg/m2*

* Suspected or confirmed eating disorders should be managed in accordance with the Queensland Eating Disorder Service A guide to admission and inpatient treatment for people with eating disorders in Queensland

Category 2
(appointment within 90 calendar days)
  • Unexplained weight loss (5-10% of body weight in previous 6 months)*

* Suspected or confirmed eating disorders should be managed in accordance with the Queensland Eating Disorder Service A guide to admission and inpatient treatment for people with eating disorders in Queensland

Category 3
(appointment within 365 calendar days)
  • No category 3 criteria

Please insert the below information and minimum referral criteria into referral

1. Reason for request Indicate on the referral

  • To establish a diagnosis
  • For treatment or intervention
  • For advice and management
  • For specialist to take over management
  • Reassurance for GP/second opinion
  • For a specified test/investigation the GP can't order, or the patient can't afford or access
  • Reassurance for the patient/family
  • For other reason (e.g. rapidly accelerating disease progression)
  • Clinical judgement indicates a referral for specialist review is necessary

2. Essential referral information Referral will be returned without this

  • Relevant medical and surgical history
  • Medications (including over the counter (OTC) and complementary medications)
  • Weight, height and BMI
  • Exact weight loss and time period of weight loss
  • Appetite
  • Recent dietary changes
  • Associated symptoms (e.g. cough, abdominal pain, change in bowel habit, dysphagia, gum disease, poor dentition, loss of tastes)
  • Alcohol and drug history (including smoking)
  • History of Mental Health Condition
  • Social history
  • FBC, ELFT, ESR/CRP, TSH, iron studies, vitamin B12 & folate
  • Coeliac disease antibodies in younger patients (aged < 40 years old) with iron deficiency

3. Additional referral information Useful for processing the referral

  • HbA1c (if diabetic)
  • CXR (if indicated)
  • Food allergies, intolerances or avoidances
  • Abnormal eating behaviours

4. Request

  • Patient's Demographic Details

    • Full name (including aliases)
    • Date of birth
    • Residential and postal address
    • Telephone contact number/s – home, mobile and alternative
    • Medicare number (where eligible)
    • Name of the parent or caregiver (if appropriate)
    • Preferred language and interpreter requirements
    • Identifies as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander

    Referring Practitioner Details

    • Full name
    • Full address
    • Contact details – telephone, fax, email
    • Provider number
    • Date of referral
    • Signature

    Relevant clinical information about the condition

    • Presenting symptoms (evolution and duration)
    • Physical findings
    • Details of previous treatment (including systemic and topical medications prescribed) including the course and outcome of the treatment
    • Body mass index (BMI)
    • Details of any associated medical conditions which may affect the condition or its treatment (e.g. diabetes), noting these must be stable and controlled prior to referral
    • Current medications and dosages
    • Drug allergies
    • Alcohol, tobacco and other drugs use

    Reason for request

    • To establish a diagnosis
    • For treatment or intervention
    • For advice and management
    • For specialist to take over management
    • Reassurance for GP/second opinion
    • For a specified test/investigation the GP can't order, or the patient can't afford or access
    • Reassurance for the patient/family
    • For other reason (e.g. rapidly accelerating disease progression)
    • Clinical judgement indicates a referral for specialist review is necessary

    Clinical modifiers

    • Impact on employment
    • Impact on education
    • Impact on home
    • Impact on activities of daily living
    • Impact on ability to care for others
    • Impact on personal frailty or safety
    • Identifies as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander

    Other relevant information

    • Willingness to have surgery (where surgery is a likely intervention)
    • Choice to be treated as a public or private patient
    • Compensable status (e.g. DVA, Work Cover, Motor Vehicle Insurance, etc.)
  • If any of the following are present or suspected, please refer the patient to the emergency department (via ambulance if necessary) or follow local emergency care protocols or seek emergent medical advice if in a remote region.

    • Please note that where appropriate and where available, the referral may be streamed to an associated public allied health and/or nursing service.  Access to some specific services may include initial assessment and management by associated public allied health and/or nursing, which may either facilitate or negate the need to see the public medical specialist.

    • A change in patient circumstance (such as condition deteriorating, or becoming pregnant) may affect the urgency categorisation and should be communicated as soon as possible.

    • Please indicate in the referral if the patient is unable to access mandatory tests or investigations as they incur a cost or are unavailable locally.

Last updated: 28 January 2025

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