Hearing loss / Concern - unconfirmed / referred on screen (Audiology) (PAED)

PAEDIATRIC
  • If any of the following are present or suspected, please refer the patient to the emergency department (via ambulance if necessary) or follow local emergency care protocols or seek emergent medical advice if in a remote region.

    • Suspicion of sudden sensorineural hearing loss
    • Hearing loss with associated neurological signs e.g. facial nerve palsy, profound vertigo
    • Refer to HealthPathways or local guidelines
    • Meningitis – there is a very high risk of cochlea ossification following bacterial meningitis, which can occur rapidly, and inhibit cochlear surgery. Urgent referral to audiology should be made for any child who has not yet had a hearing assessment following meningitis. Any patient identified with significant hearing loss post-meningitis infection, should be referred to ENT urgently for radiological assessment and consideration of cochlear implantation.
    • Consider referral to speech pathology or child health clinician for developmental speech and language screening in children
    • For optimal outcomes, diagnosis of major hearing loss is recommended by 3 months of age and appropriate early intervention should commence before 6 months of age.
    • Passing newborn screening does not exclude mild permanent hearing loss or preclude late onset or progressive hearing loss.
    • Audiological surveillance is recommended for children with risk factors for progressive or late onset hearing loss. Frequency and duration of audiological surveillance varies according to risk factor.
    • Take parental concern seriously. Parents usually suspect a hearing loss before the doctor does [3]
    • Clinical urgency is the dominant consideration in the prioritisation of a referral for a child currently in out of home care (OOHC), or at risk of entering or leaving OOHC.
    • Please note – Category 2 timeframe for GA and Sedation ABR relates to time to behavioural assessment (where indicated) or phone consult.  Triage category applied to Elective Procedure Booking may differ
    • Queensland public hospitals do not dispense conventional or standard hearing aids # Except for adults who meet criteria for Princess Alexandra’s crisis care hearing aid bank
    • Queensland Health Audiologists provide diagnostic hearing assessments which may result in a recommendation for hearing aids and/or an ENT opinion, but not the fitting of hearing aids.
    • Hearing aids for children and young adults (<26 years) are provided through Hearing Australia (Hearing Australia (Children and Young Adults)
    • Early Intervention is essential for children with permanent hearing loss.  Options for Early Intervention can be found in the Choices e-book. Hearing Australia Choices e-book

    Clinical resources

    Patient resources

Minimum Referral Criteria
Category 1
(appointment within 30 calendar days)
  • Sudden (≤ 1 week) onset of loss of hearing, unilateral or bilateral and not associated with outer or middle ear disease
  • Skull base fracture
  • Bacterial Meningitis (earliest available appointment)
  • Viral Meningitis
  • Other infection associated with hearing loss (e.g. active CMV, recent acute mastoiditis)
  • Ototoxic treatments e.g. chemotherapy, aminoglycosides
  • Permanent Hearing Loss suspected
  • Infants who receive a “refer” result on newborn hearing screening in both ears
  • Infants who have not undergone newborn hearing screening
  • A child currently in out of home care (OOHC) or at risk of entering or leaving OOHC, where they have previously been on a waiting list for this problem and were removed without receiving a service
Category 2
(appointment within 90 calendar days)
  • Speech and language delay confirmed by a Speech Pathologist
  • Strong parental or carer or medical concern regarding the child’s development where hearing loss hasn’t been excluded
  • Requiring sedation or GA ABR as recommended by audiologist or medical specialist*
  • Risk factor associated with increased likelihood of permanent or conductive (Syndrome, Family History of Permanent Childhood Hearing Loss)
  • Referred from hearing screen (not UNHS)
  • Medical Specialist concern
  • Infants who receive a “refer” result on newborn hearing screening in one ear
  • Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander
Category 3
(appointment within 365 calendar days)
  • Chronic eustachian tube or middle ear dysfunction confirmed with “refer” result on  tympanometry screening on at least 2 occasions (3 months apart)
  • Suspected speech / language delay

Please insert the below information and minimum referral criteria into referral

1. Reason for request Indicate on the referral

  • To establish a diagnosis
  • For treatment or intervention
  • For advice and management
  • For specialist to take over management
  • Reassurance for GP/second opinion
  • For a specified test/investigation the GP can't order, or the patient can't afford or access
  • Reassurance for the patient/family
  • For other reason (e.g. rapidly accelerating disease progression)
  • Clinical judgement indicates a referral for specialist review is necessary

2. Essential referral information Referral will be returned without this

  • Current screening and/or diagnostic audiology reports (if applicable).
  • Risk factors for hearing loss (if applicable); craniofacial; syndromes, family history
  • Formal diagnosis of speech and language delay (if applicable);
  • Comorbidities that put child at higher risk of developmental issues from hearing loss (if applicable)
  • Details of ototoxic pharmaceutical agents and treatments (if applicable)
  • Details of Medical Specialist concern
  • Confirmation of OOHC (where relevant)
  • Indigenous Status

3. Additional referral information Useful for processing the referral

  • Previous ENT History (If applicable)
  • Social modifiers i.e. effect on home schooling, out of home residence
  • Previous audiology reports and/or audiograms (where available and not cause significant delay)
  • Relevant diagnoses, co-morbidities, disabilities and medical issues
  • Information about the nature of speech and language concern
  • Otological history
  • History including other medical, or developmental issues (school delays)
  • Involvement of other health professionals
  • Behavioural issues
  • Other specialist of allied health services the child is currently under the care of (eg paediatrician or speech pathologist)

4. Request

  • Patient's Demographic Details

    • Full name (including aliases)
    • Date of birth
    • Residential and postal address
    • Telephone contact number/s – home, mobile and alternative
    • Medicare number (where eligible)
    • Name of the parent or caregiver (if appropriate)
    • Preferred language and interpreter requirements
    • Identifies as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander

    Referring Practitioner Details

    • Full name
    • Full address
    • Contact details – telephone, fax, email
    • Provider number
    • Date of referral
    • Signature

    Relevant clinical information about the condition

    • Presenting symptoms (evolution and duration)
    • Physical findings
    • Details of previous treatment (including systemic and topical medications prescribed) including the course and outcome of the treatment
    • Body mass index (BMI)
    • Details of any associated medical conditions which may affect the condition or its treatment (e.g. diabetes), noting these must be stable and controlled prior to referral
    • Current medications and dosages
    • Drug allergies
    • Alcohol, tobacco and other drugs use

    Reason for request

    • To establish a diagnosis
    • For treatment or intervention
    • For advice and management
    • For specialist to take over management
    • Reassurance for GP/second opinion
    • For a specified test/investigation the GP can't order, or the patient can't afford or access
    • Reassurance for the patient/family
    • For other reason (e.g. rapidly accelerating disease progression)
    • Clinical judgement indicates a referral for specialist review is necessary

    Clinical modifiers

    • Impact on employment
    • Impact on education
    • Impact on home
    • Impact on activities of daily living
    • Impact on ability to care for others
    • Impact on personal frailty or safety
    • Identifies as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander

    Other relevant information

    • Willingness to have surgery (where surgery is a likely intervention)
    • Choice to be treated as a public or private patient
    • Compensable status (e.g. DVA, Work Cover, Motor Vehicle Insurance, etc.)
  • If any of the following are present or suspected, please refer the patient to the emergency department (via ambulance if necessary) or follow local emergency care protocols or seek emergent medical advice if in a remote region.

    • Please note that where appropriate and where available, the referral may be streamed to an associated public allied health and/or nursing service.  Access to some specific services may include initial assessment and management by associated public allied health and/or nursing, which may either facilitate or negate the need to see the public medical specialist.

    • A change in patient circumstance (such as condition deteriorating, or becoming pregnant) may affect the urgency categorisation and should be communicated as soon as possible.

    • Please indicate in the referral if the patient is unable to access mandatory tests or investigations as they incur a cost or are unavailable locally.

Last updated: 16 January 2025

© State of Queensland (Queensland Health) 2023

Except as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this work may be reproduced, communicated or adapted without permission from Queensland Health. To request permission email ip_officer@health.qld.gov.au1.